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要跟上司拍馬屁嗎?
Should workers suck up to the boss or not? By Del Jones, USA TODAY
"A transparent sucking-up act," says Raul Fernandez, CEO of ObjectVideo, recalling one former employee who would swing by his office most every morning with something nice to say. The man stopped doing it the day the company was sold and Fernandez was no longer boss. "There is a difference between a kiss-ass compliment and a positive comment," Fernandez says.
However, fresh research indicates that top executives may not be as good at weeding out brown-nosers as they think and that many are gullible to disingenuous ego strokes from subordinates.
The art of flattery
Westphal says he is sometimes criticized for his research because many see ingratiation as a workplace positive. After all, business training pioneer Dale Carnegie embraced the art of sincere flattery, and his disciples see it as helping to reduce workplace conflict. But, "On balance, the cost of reduced debate is greater than the benefit of less conflict," Westphal says. "Good CEOs are conscious of this danger and elicit disagreement and debate and verbally validate it."
James Copeland, who retired as CEO from Deloitte & Touche in 2003, says he dished out so few compliments and so much constructive criticism upstream during his career that bosses told him that supervising him was the most painful part of their job.
"What I really want is honest, objective feedback, even if it's difficult to hear," says Chris Kearney, CEO of Fortune 500 manufacturer SPX. "People need to be direct, honest and constructive in their feedback to the boss. Giving disingenuous feedback is not good for anyone."
SRA International is a large government contractor with 6,900 employees and for 10 consecutive years was named to Fortune magazine's list of 100 best companies to work for. CEO Stanton Sloane says that years ago, he was in a large meeting when he told his boss that he was a genius.
Bad idea. The boss' retort: "This was a team effort, and the credit goes to the team, not me," Sloane recalls.
The anecdote shows that there are subtle ways to compliment the boss, perhaps by praising the team under their charge and by using "we" instead of "you," he says.
Marsh Carter, chairman of the New York Stock Exchange Group, suggests limiting compliments to bosses one level up; otherwise it crosses a familiarity line that won't be appreciated.
Most CEOs are men, who are especially vulnerable to ingratiation by women, says Mary Lou Quinlan, the onetime advertising director at Avon Products, now CEO of marketing consultant Just Ask a Woman.
"Women are way, way better at it because they are more subtle, more facile half-truth-tellers" and expert at knowing what to say to get others to like them, Quinlan says. "Getting the boss to feel good is a piece of cake."
Q:
Should workers suck up to the boss or not?
Can you tell the difference between brown nosing and being nice?
Do you think that flattery important?
How to make people feel good?
Do you think that flattery could help reducing workplace conflict?
How to reduce workplace conflict?
How to give sincere compliments?
聰明藥讓你變聰明?
Can a Pill Make You Smarter? The Brave New World of Smart Drugs By Larry Schwartz / AlterNet
In the 2011 movie Limitless, our loser-turned-hero Bradley Cooper takes a pill, writes a novel in a few days, becomes an investment tycoon, and performs other tricks of mental derring-do. And of course at the end of the movie (spoiler alert!), he gets the girl. If only such a pill really existed.
Well, it may. Sort of. Welcome to the world of nootropics, or smart drugs. Nootropics (derived from Greek words that mean to bend the mind) are categories of drugs, supplements and other additives and stimulants that enhance memory, cognitive function and even intelligence. For thousands of years, humankind has sought ways to improve the mind, and many believe that modern science is on the cusp of achieving that goal, albeit with many caveats.
The brain, as you might expect, is a complicated and metabolically ravenous organ. There’s a lot going on up there, and when all processes are clicking as they should, the body and mind are generally alert and optimally functioning. When the brain metabolism is off, though, both mind and body suffer. That’s where smart drugs come in. The goal behind them is to tweak the brain metabolism and keep the neurons firing in a focused way. For instance, there is a neurotransmitter in the brain called acetylcholine, which is the main agent in memory formation. Nootropic proponents theorize that if we enhance the acetycholine, we can enhance memory function. The abilities to reason, to plan, to focus and to avoid acting on impulse are some of the higher functions of the brain that nootropics target.
It’s a mistake to think of smart drugs as steroids for the brain. The drugs don’t create more brain matter, like steroids create muscle. Instead, their goal is to focus the brain and make it work more efficiently. As Amy Arnsten, a professor of neurobiology at Yale medical School put it to the BBC, “You’re not taking Homer Simpson and making him into Einstein.”
In other words, smart drugs don’t make you smart unless you already are smart. Steven Rose, emeritus professor of life sciences at the Open University observed, “What most of these are actually doing is enabling the person who’s taking them to focus.”
Most prescription smart drugs, like the stimulant modafinil, a popular smart drug among students, were developed for specific medical disorders (in the case of modafinil, narcolepsy, ADHD, and other similar cognitive conditions) and are used off-label for cognitive enhancement. Modafinil users reported increased wakefulness, focus, motivation and concentration. While these drugs have been shown to balance the function of a cognitively impaired brain, until recently, there was no scientific proof that they improved cognitive function in a healthy brain. In fact, the limited studies showed just the opposite, impaired functioning.
Q:
Can a pill make you smarter?
Do you believe that such a smart pill really exist?
How to discover your potential?
What are the pros and cons of being a smart person?
What does it feel like to be a smart person?
How to be smarter and be outstanding than others?
How to boost your brain functions?
How to boost your memory function?
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