週二(3/17)1. 通姦除罪化2.寂寞嗎?

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通姦除罪化

South Korea Legalizes Adultery Write to Jeyup S. Kwaak at jeyup.kwaak@wsj.com

More than 35,000 South Koreans have been jailed for marital infidelity since 1985

SEOUL-South Korea’s constitutional court on Thursday scrapped the nation’s criminal anti-adultery law, saying it infringed upon personal freedom.

Created in 1953, the law allowed for jail terms of up to two years for those found to have knowingly engaged in an extramarital affair if punishment was sought by the spouse. The statute was designed to provide women with legal support at a time when few were sufficiently financially independent to have the option of leaving their cheating husbands and divorce was stigmatized.

Nearly 53,000 South Koreans have been indicted and more than 35,000 jailed for marital infidelity since 1985, the start of electronic record keeping, according to the Supreme Prosecutors’ Office.

Last year 892 were charged but none were imprisoned. Legal experts say plaintiffs in recent years have preferred to reach a financial settlement.

Shares of South Korean condom maker  Unidus  Corp. surged after the ruling, hitting the 15% daily gain limit on the local index.

“It’s realistically impossible that all unethical acts face criminal justice,” said Park Han-chul, the presiding justice at the court in reading out the verdict. Seven of the nine judges including Justice Park ruled in favor of the repeal, while two, including Lee Jung-mi, the court’s sole female judge, opposed.

Until Thursday’s ruling, which is effective immediately, South Korea was one of a few non-Muslim countries that regularly practiced criminal prosecution of adultery.

Questions:

What do you think the report that South Korea Legalizes Adultery?

What do you think the report that More than 35,000 South Koreans have been jailed for marital infidelity?

Should marital infidelity offenders put in jail?

Do you support anti-adultery law or not?

What To Do If Your Wife/husband is cheating?

Why We Have Affairs?

Do you think anti-adultery law, saying it infringed upon personal freedom?

寂寞嗎?

Loneliness Has A Purpose  by Mary C. Lamia, Ph.D.  psychology today

You can be lonely whether or not you have a partner, relatives, or many friends. When you have a need and desire to be interpersonally connected and recognize that it's missing, you may become wrapped in the emotion of loneliness. Emotions, by definition, are immediately felt when triggered by a particular event or stimulus. Loneliness can be triggered when you're thinking of a significant relationship that has ended, if you realize that your relationships are not emotionally satisfying, if you have lost a loved one, if your access to social relationships has been altered because of a life circumstance, or at the moment you recognize that you are not truly known and understood by another.

When you're lonely, it's unlikely you'll remember that emotions serve a purpose, since what possible purpose can the heartache of loneliness serve? If you consider how this emotion makes you feel and think, then you will easily recognize that it alerts you to the fact that your relationships are inadequate and your needs to belong are not being met. Beyond that, loneliness motivates you to take necessary action that will relieve it. Emotions do have a purpose, regardless of how unpleasant some of them can make us feel.

Loneliness can make you feel empty and a sense of longing for someone to really know you. If you are without friends you may wish to have someone in your life who will relieve the emptiness. Yet loneliness may not be clearly linked to the reality of a situation because it can exist when connections with others are fleeting, meaningless, or not what you consider to be significant. Thus, you may have many friends, or be in a room filled with people, and still be lonely.

Aloneness is different than loneliness, although the two are a bit conflated and you can feel either without the other. The amount of time you spend alone has little to do with being lonely. Many people find solitude to be a pleasant experience that allows one to think, be creative, rest, or simply pass time in solitary activity. There are people in whom fear or anxiety is triggered when they are alone, but this is different than the experience of loneliness, as are situations where a person prefers to be alone in order to avoid the anxiety inherent in social activities.

Emotions differ from the prolonged emotional states that define moods. A lonely mood is akin to a lingering sadness, but with a particular referent; it's sadness about not having someone in your life where caring and deep understanding is mutually felt. Even so, a prolonged loneliness can lead you to believe that you are depressed, or, in some circumstances, can lead to depression.

Questions:

How to deal with loneliness?

What to do when you’ve lost your sense of purpose?

How to have a lot of friends and create a social network?

How to free yourself from negative emotions?

How to build social skills?

Ways to join social activities?

What causes depression?

韓國憲法裁判所(即憲法法庭)今天（26日）下午做出裁決，認定現行對犯下通姦罪者施予刑事處罰的做法違憲，這項決定使向來被認為民風保守的韓國邁入「通姦除罪化」國家之列。

按原來規定，韓國刑法第241條規定：「具配偶者通姦時，處以兩年以下徒刑，與其相奸者亦同。」這項法令於1953年時經國會表決通過，實行至今已有62年。

但憲法裁判所今天表決後認定，這項刑事處罰違憲。九位裁判官(相當於大法官)中，有七人投下同意除罪的贊成票。

時移世易

憲法裁判所發佈的議決文指出，韓國國民對有關性方面的法律認定已有變化，同時處罰實效性也受到質疑，故判決通姦罪的處罰條款違憲，該法即刻失效。

裁判所表示：「保護婚姻制度與夫婦間履行貞節義務之公共利益，已難以透過對審判對象施加條款懲罰來達成，該條款已過分限制國民在性方面的自決等基本權利，造成法益均衡性喪失。」

議決文並認定通姦處罰已違反比例原則，同時侵害民眾隱私與自由。

1990至2008年間，憲法裁判所針對通姦除罪化問題已有過四次議決，但皆以合憲結案。

申請賠償

本次判決出現逆轉，讓自2008年以後因通姦罪而入監服刑者將可申請賠償；被依通姦罪起訴並獲刑者可提出再審申請；尚在判決程序中的案子，都將被取消公訴。

韓國大檢察廳公布的數據顯示，自《通姦罪》生效開始至今的62年間，全國共有3.5萬人因此身陷囹圄；在2008年10月的釋憲結果發表至今的六年間，有5466人被依《通姦罪》起訴，其中22人被拘提；去年被起訴者則有892人，但無人入監。事實上，近來被起訴者大部分被判處緩刑。

儘管《通姦罪》被廢除，但夫妻間不倫情事問題，仍能透過民事訴訟要求對方負責與賠償。

「通姦除罪化」得已在民風保守且男女不平等現象仍嚴重的韓國獲確立，被視為一大突破，韓國朝野皆對此表示歡迎，但背後仍存在憂慮與待完善之處。

「這國家要完蛋了，根本沒好好想清楚…雖然最近職場女性增加，情況有好點，但不知道通姦罪到底是為誰而廢。」住在江南、下月即將成為新娘的首爾市民柳小姐對記者表露出恐慌。

柳小姐認為，在當下韓國社會還未對女性給予充分尊重與保護下，這樣的結果會讓女性遭到更多傷害，她說：「法律廢止前應提出更多因應措施。」

一位韓國女記者分析道：「《通姦罪》沒了後，許多男性可能會仗著缺乏強制力的處罰，更肆無忌憚地偷吃，對社經地位還是有差別的女性而言，可能會承擔更多不公平對待。」

韓國女性律師協會表示：「往後法院應積極考慮對不倫者提高具懲戒性質的慰籍金繳納；若是離婚的情況下，則應衡量婚姻生活所盡之責任，訂出財產分配的額度。」

韓國憲法法院裁定通姦入刑違憲

楊虔豪 BBC中文網駐韓國特約記者

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周六(3/14) 1.新娘市集2.電影欣賞(愛的萬物論)

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聚會時間700PM-- 9:30PM
(一個優良讀書會 要不同於它會 需要有新方向 新作為 本周六 第二階段 有Johnson主持的電影欣賞討論)
請來聊天 看電影 學習英文  一舉數得

新娘市集

Bride 'market' in Bulgaria  Mail Online

Scores of young Roma women were recently paraded before potential suitors at a Bulgarian 'bride market' where poor families are given the chance to arrange financially beneficial marriages for their children.

Here the potential brides are provocatively dressed, donning gobs of mascara and wearing flashy jewellery, towering heels and mini-skirts. And surrounding them are young men whose family hope to find them a wife at a good cost.

The families gathered in Stara Zagora are part of a community of about 18,000 Roma known as Kalaidzhi, who traditionally make a living as coppersmiths.

They are among the most poverty-stricken people in a deeply impoverished region and seek to forge mutually beneficial unions that will help them weather Bulgaria's economic downturn.

The 'bride market' -- held four times a year on various religious holidays during the spring and summer -- is a chance for the Roma's nomadic tinkers to meet and not only catch up on gossip, but also play matchmaker for their adolescent sons and daughters.

It starts, like a high school dance, with groups of boys and girls in separate clumps, occasionally shaking hands and checking each other out while mothers and fathers stay discreetly in the background.

Boys and girls dance side-by-side on the cars in a rare opportunity that flouts the community's conservative values, in which youths are rarely allowed to mingle with the opposite sex.

Kalaidzhi are known to remove girls from school at 15 or even earlier to keep them safe from temptation.

If the youths warm to each other, the fair can trigger complex financial negotiations about the price a young man's family must pay to a woman's parents if they are to be married.

The cost of a bride -- between 5,000 and 10,000 lev (£2,200 to £4,300) -- has dropped in recent years as jobs have dried up. And wedding festivities are much more modest with cash so tight.

Questions:

What do you think about bride 'market' in Bulgaria?

What do you think about that “the cost of a bride -- between (£2,200 to £4,300)”?

Is life better staying single or getting married?

How to find the right partner or spouse?

Should financial questions to settle before you get married?

What are things to consider before you get married?

What do you think about online dating/ online matchmaker?

What do you think about the marriage culture of Taiwan?

電影欣賞討論

愛的萬物論The Theory of Everything 
《愛的萬物論》是一部2014年詹姆斯·馬什執導的英國浪漫劇情傳記片，安東尼·麥卡騰編劇。改編自潔恩·懷爾德·霍金所寫的回憶錄Travelling to Infinity: My Life with Stephen，講述她與前夫、理論物理學家史蒂芬·霍金的戀愛和生活往事。
(探討問題 現場分發)

「新娘市集」釣金龜婿 正妹待價而沽

吉卜賽未婚少女穿上最漂亮的衣服到「新娘市集」，等待求婚者出價。翻攝 AFP/Getty lmages

【動新聞╱綜合報導】每年春夏季，保加利亞的古老城市舊扎戈拉的吉卜賽未婚少女都會盛裝打扮，穿上最漂亮的衣服，毫不吝嗇塗上化妝品，聚集在「新娘市集」，等候求婚者出價。

英國《每日郵報》報導，一年舉辦四次的新娘市集，是當地幾代吉卜賽人的傳統，氣氛熱烈如嘉年華會，有販賣食物的小販，也有攤位遊戲。未婚少男少女會在當日結識異性，一旦遇上心儀的另一半，又決定結婚，雙方家長便會洽談禮金價錢。假若少女長得漂亮受男生歡迎，男方便要出更高價錢，擊敗其他求婚者。

未來夫婿的場合，也是少女改善生活，讓男女雙方互惠互利的機會。

其實舊扎戈拉的吉卜賽人大部份都相當貧窮，新娘市集是少女尋找

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週五(3/13)1.月光族生存術2.進口新娘

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月光族生存術

How to Live on Low Income  (By Deborah Waltenburg, eHow)

Create a working budget. Determine how much income will be made during each month, from employment, unemployment benefits and any other resources. Calculate monthly bills (loan payments, utilities, rent) and also necessary expenditures such as food and transportation. A budget will help you monitor spending activity and make changes to adjust to a lower income.

Cancel accounts that are not under contract. Whether it's cable TV, movie rentals, gym or other club memberships, these kinds of nonessential spending should be the first to be eliminated.

Check for budget programs through your local utility, water and heating fuel providers. These programs set a lower monthly payment based on usage and can help you control your utility spending.

Change your entertainment habits. Stop eating out or ordering pizzas, and start cooking at home. Stop going to movie theaters and renting movies, and instead look for DVDs to check out at your local library. Libraries sometimes offer movies free, or at minimal cost, to library patrons.

Change where you shop for food and clothing. There are a variety of discount grocery stores and big-box retailers that offer greater savings than you will find in specialty markets. If you need clothing, check local consignment shops or look for a Goodwill store in your area. Garage sales can also be a great resource for clothing or home goods that you may need.

Adjust your food budget. If you regularly shop for expensive cuts of meat and prepackaged convenience foods, consider scaling back. Switch from brand-name labels to store labels or look for sales and coupons to increase savings. Look for damaged or less-than-perfect produce and ask store clerks if you can get a markdown.

Grow your own food, if you have space for a garden, containers or even room inside your home. Herbs, garlic, peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers and even beans can be grown successfully in containers. If you have garden space, you can grow corn, potatoes, onions, zucchini, winter squash and a host of other vegetables that can be stored and preserved.

Questions:

How to Live on Low Income? How to make a living expenses budget?

In your opinion, what are the nonessential spending should be the first to be eliminated?

What are the habits should you change for saving money? (Example: Stop going to movie theaters and renting movies)

What kind of daily products you spend lots money on usually?

Where are the Least Expensive cities to Live in Taiwan?

What are the Tips to saving money?

How to make a smart shopping?

How to Save Money Shopping on the Internet?

進口新娘

'Import bride' remark haunts Taipei Mayor  By Amy Chyan ,The China Post

TAIPEI, Taiwan -- Taipei Mayor Ko Wen-je (柯文哲) responded to media questions yesterday about his choice of terminology when referring to foreign spouses as being “imported” into Taiwan by saying that he did not have malicious intent.

Ko said he did not realize he had upset the crowd with his words.

Ko reasoned that perhaps he worked at the National Taiwan University Hospital for too long and has lost touch with social mores.

While admitting to the press that he had misspoken, Ko also blamed the media for focusing on certain words in his substantially long speech.

“I should have said 'most of the 500,000 foreign spouses that immigrated to Taiwan in recent years are female,'” Ko was quoted by the Awakening News Networks as saying.

The mayor has yet to issue a formal apology as of press time.

The new director-general of the Taipei branch of Female Immigrant Care Association, (台北市新移民女性關懷協會) Li Hsia (李霞) accompanied a dozen mainland Chinese, Vietnamese, Indonesian, Burmese and Thai foreign spouses along with their children yesterday to protest in front of Taipei's city hall against Ko's remarks about “import brides.”

Ko's slur about female newcomers to Taiwan discriminates against immigrant women, said Li.

Questions:

What do you think of 'import brides?

What do you think the remark made by Taipei mayor? 

Why local men marry forging brides?

Is it good to be single?

Is it good to marry a foreigner?

What do you think foreign spouses?

Reasons why you should not marry a foreigner?

Is gender discrimination serious in Taiwan?

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週二(3/10) 1.慢跑會導致早逝？2.血汗超時工作

 學英文 來 說吧! 英文讀書會就對了
 歡迎任何想學英文的朋友  有心想學 就已踏上成功之路 說吧! 英文讀書會 這裡有許多朋友等您來一同歡樂學習

請注意   讀書會 移至 新聚會地點  
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3/10 有供餐 大力牛肉飯  雙色奶油嫩雞麵 請來品嚐支持
(感謝您  支持 說吧! 英文讀書會  過去這些日子 讀書會 像遊牧民族 被迫一個地點 換另ㄧ地點 實在不方便於推廣及提昇活動項目  現在移至較固定新地點 希望您能繼續熱情給予支持 踴躍出席 目前有簡單餐點提供 以往咖啡館低消都以$70起跳 新地點 目前給予$50優費  )

慢跑會導致早逝？

Jogging to an early grave? BBC

Intensive exercise might not be doing you good

If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do very strenuous activities are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.

Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour (8km/h).

The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7mph (11km/h) die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries. Over time, this can cause serious injuries.

Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, "If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary, it may be harmful."

The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than 'iron man' events, triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, "You don't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn't actually do too much".

Questions:

Do you believe the concept that jogging to an early grave? Intensive exercise might not be doing you good?

Does exercise really make you healthier?

How to live a long and healthy life?

Have you ever tried running marathons?

How to decrease risk of death?

In your opinion, what kind of exercise may be harmful?

What do you think that forms of exercise such as tai chi and yoga?

What are the benefits of exercise? 

血汗超時工作

Nurses often not paid for overtime, survey shows CNA

Despite their long working hours, nurses earn just NT$41,878 (US$1,400) per month on average, and they often do not receive overtime pay, according to a poll released yesterday.

Nurses in regional hospitals receive NT$39,397 per month on average, while local hospitals pay NT$41,188 on average, according to the poll, which was released ahead of International Nurses Day on Sunday.

Union director Jane Lu (盧孳艷) said nurses usually have to put in many extra hours, often without pay.

They log an average of 82.85 extra hours per month, working overtime and attending conferences and classes, she said.

About 55 percent of medical institutions do not offer overtime pay, and only 29 percent allow nurses to take time off instead, Lu said.

She said there have been complaints about hospitals circumvent the overtime regulations and monitoring by labor authorities by asking employees to continue working after they have clocked out.

Deaths spotlight Taiwan's 'overwork' culture By Cindy SuiBBC News

Working hard is ingrained in Taiwanese society. But recent deaths attributed to overwork are leading people to question the culture for the first time.

The deaths of nearly 50 workers last year were blamed on working more overtime than allowed by law. This figure was as much as four times higher than the previous year, according to the Council of Labor Affairs (CLA).

There have been many high-profile cases over the past two years. They include:

Hsu Shao-pin, 29, an engineer at Nanya Technology, who worked 99 hours of overtime monthly, six months before he died. His parents found him slumped over his desk at home in 2010. He had died from a heart attack.

Chiang Ding-kuo, 29, a security guard for Chien Hsiang Security Service, suffered a stroke while working in 2010. In the nine years before he died, he worked 288 to 300 hours a month.

Hsieh Ming-hung, 30, an engineer for smartphone maker HTC, died in his dormitory in February. He worked an average of 68 hours of overtime monthly.

Investigators tasked by the government to look into what caused deaths related to overwork found that the victims generally had congenital conditions, especially heart problems. They also had high-risk factors, such as being overweight and being a smoker, which had been aggravated by too much work.

Questions:

What do you think the report that nurses often not paid for overtime?

What do you think that working as a nurse?

“Deaths spotlight Taiwan’s 'overwork' culture” what do you think about Taiwan’s 'overwork' culture?

Is the idea of working hard ingrained in Taiwanese society?

What are the good pay jobs?

What jobs involve high risks?

What do you think of overtime pay rights? Do you get overtime pay?

 1瓶飲料撐全天 血汗護理師吊點滴上班　

2015年03月01日

張姓護理師控訴北榮新竹分院以人力不足為由，竟讓護理師吊點滴上班、還排花花班。黃羿馨攝

【動新聞╱新竹報導】

北榮新竹分院張姓護理師淚訴，指稱醫院常以人力不足為由，不僅把她特休假強制換成現金外，還常因為忙不過來，導致她沒時間吃飯，一整天只喝一瓶飲料，日前還有學姊吊點滴上班，醫院回應，表示一切排假皆符合規定，也有彈性時間讓大家吃飯，至於吊點滴的護理人員，那天並沒有強迫她上班。

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