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"樂天派" 帶來問題
Too Much Optimism Can Be a Problem By Rick Nauert PhD Source: Duke University
Optimistic While being optimistic is generally believe to be a benefit for living a high quality and perhaps longer life, too much optimism can be a problem, especially in regards to financial matters.
Researchers from Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business discovered people who are optimistic are more likely than others to display prudent financial behaviors. But too much optimism can be a problem: people who are extremely optimistic tend to have short planning horizons and act in ways that are generally not considered wise.
Manju Puri and David Robinson, professors of finance at Duke, report in the October 2007 issue of the Journal of Financial Economics that the differences between optimists and extreme optimists provide important insights into the interaction between psychology and economic and lifestyle choices.
Puri and Robinson developed a novel method to assess individuals’ levels of optimism, drawing on data from the Federal Reserve Board’s Survey of Consumer Finance (SCF), a triennial assessment of U.S. families’ financial and demographic information.
“Most of the information we needed was already there, but we had to create a new way of combining it with other existing data in order to extract meaning about optimism,” Puri said.
Puri and Robinson also labeled as “extreme optimists” the top 5 percent of optimists, those who think they will live an average of 20 years longer than is statistically likely.
“The differences between optimists and extreme optimists are remarkable, and suggest that over-optimism, like overconfidence, may in fact lead to behaviors that are unwise,” said Puri.
The findings could lead to useful ways to consider individuals’ investment and career planning decisions, and help people understand or overcome personality characteristics that can negatively affect important financial decisions, the authors say.
“Doctors tell us that one or two glasses of red wine a day can be really healthy,” Robinson said.
“But no one tells you to drink the whole bottle. It’s the same with optimism. A little bit is really beneficial, but too much can lead to some really bad economic choices.”
Q:
Do you think that Too Much Optimism Can Be a Problem?
Pros and cons of being an optimist?
Do you still keep optimistic attitude If you were bankrupt?
Do you believe that optimists would have longer lifespan?
How to have longer lifespan?
How to keep a good mood?
What to do when encounter financial problems?
如何對他人 感興趣?
How to Become Interesting to Other People
wikihow
Pursue hobbies that interest you.
By delving into activities that appeal to you, you have the opportunity to meet people who like the same thing. You also get to talk about what you love, which can show how interesting you are.
If you like reading, for example, you could start book club or attend one sponsored by your local library.
Keep your values in mind as you spend more time cultivating your interests. If you’re someone who loves to help others, for example, spending time volunteering will feel genuine to who you are. The more authentic you can be in your interactions, the more likely people are to take interest in the real you.
Find a cause you are passionate about.
There’s a good chance there is something you believe in. Become involved in it when you realize what it is. Reading about the different causes gives you information you may not have had previously, which can make you more interesting to others.
Joining a cause or movement also connects you with others. Meeting people and learning from them not only makes you more informed about what’s going on, but gives you more to talk about.
For example, you may choose to become more active in local politics, women's rights, or animal rights groups in your community or nationally.
Listen to others.
Some of the best ways to learn something new is to hear about it from others. Make sure you actually listen to what the person is talking about instead of just waiting for them to finish so that you can interject. Being a good listener during a conversation shows the person that you are genuinely interested in what they have to say, which is a great way to make a new friend or build upon an already existing relationship.
Learning to really listen when in a conversation can take a tremendous amount of willpower. You may want to interrupt so that you make a good impression with your knowledge or humor, but doing so can actually backfire. You may come off as rude or a know-it-all. Instead, give the speaker your full attention and only comment when they are finished and when you can add something meaningful to the conversation.
Ask questions.
Asking someone questions shows that you are interested in finding out more about them or what they are talking about, and also helps you to learn more information. People who are interesting never stop trying to learn. They are often extremely curious and do what they can to find out about their interests as much as possible.
Get more out of the conversation by asking questions that can’t be answered with a simple “yes” or “no.” For example, instead of asking, “Are you interested in rock climbing,” you could say, “What kind of activities are you interested in?” This gives you the opportunity to learn more and have a deeper conversation with the person.
Q:
How to become interesting to other people?
Why being interesting to other people important?
What kind of activities that appeal to you?
How to find a cause you are passionate about?
How to meeting people and learning from them
How to ask proper questions in conversations?
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