板橋區文化路一段421巷11弄1號 (陽光甜味咖啡館)
埔捷運站1號出口 旁邊7-11巷子進入20公尺 看到夏朵美髮左轉 PM 7:00-9:30
壓力與整型
From Peer Pressure to Plastic Surgery
By Tamara Nowicki
According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, the number of teenagers undergoing surgery has doubled in the last eight years. In 2008, 219,000 cosmetic procedures were reportedly performed in the U.S. on patients aged 13 to 19. While there are not statistics available in Canada, Dr. Mirko Gilardino, a Plastic Surgeon at The Montreal Children’s Hospital and an aesthetic surgeon in private practice says a lot of teenagers are looking to improve their body image by going under the knife.
We sat down with Dr. Gilardino to ask him about why teens are opting for plastic surgery and what risks are involved with these kinds of procedures.
Q: What are some of the reasons that patients come in wanting to have surgery done at a young age? Are they mostly girls or boys?
A: One of the most common types of aesthetic plastic surgery I perform in both teenage boys and girls is breast surgery. Most of the young women I see are very concerned about their breast size, but in some cases they want surgery to correct a deformity. Some girls develop a significant breast asymmetry when one breast is much larger than the other. We also have girls with breast hypertrophy which can cause severe neck and back pain, in addition to other functional issues. Boys also seek breast surgery for gynecomastia, which is an abnormal growth of breast tissue in males during puberty.
I also treat a lot of young people, males and females, who are concerned about their nose. Many come in with attractive faces but they aren’t quite happy with the size or shape of their nose. Sometimes they are seeking surgery to correct a broken nose, or one that causes breathing issues.
Basically, young men and women want to be accepted socially, particularly by their peers and body image plays a big role in their perception of themselves.
Q: When dealing with teenagers who want cosmetic surgery, how do you determine if surgery is right for them and if they are a good candidate?
A: One word: maturity. Maturity plays a large role in the overall procedure. In Quebec, a 14 year old is allowed to sign a consent form to have surgery. Now, in the case of cosmetic surgery and any other surgery for that matter, I believe that there is a large emotional component involved and the teenager should be accompanied by an adult they trust who will help them through the process. The teen may focus on a small thing and may not see the big picture. This is where a parent can step in to help them see things more clearly or make appropriate decisions.
戀物癖
Fetishistic Disorder | Psychology Today
The term "fetishism" originates from the Portuguese word feitico, which means "obsessive fascination." Most individuals find particular nongenital bodily features attractive, indicating that some level of fetishism is a normal feature of human sexuality. However, fetishistic arousal may become a problem when it interferes with normal sexual or social functioning, or when sexual arousal is impossible without the fetish object.
According to the DSM-5, fetishistic disorder is characterized as a condition in which there is a persistent and repetitive use of or dependence on nonliving objects (such as undergarments or high-heeled shoes) or a highly specific focus on a body part (most often nongenital, such as feet) to reach sexual arousal. Only through use of this object, or focus on this body part, can the individual obtain sexual gratification. In earlier versions of the DSM, fetishistic disorder revolving around nongenital body parts was known as partialism; in the latest version, partialism was folded into fetishistic disorder.
Since fetishes occur in many normally developing individuals, a diagnosis of fetishistic disorder is only given if there is accompanying personal distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning as a result of the fetish. People who identify as fetishists but do not report associated clinical impairment would be considered to have a fetish but not fetishistic disorder.
Common fetish objects include undergarments, footwear, gloves, rubber articles, and leather clothing. Body parts associated with fetishistic disorder include feet, toes, and hair. It is common for the fetish to include both inanimate objects and body parts (e.g., socks and feet). For some, merely a picture of the fetish object may cause arousal, though many with a fetish prefer (or require) the actual object in order to achieve arousal. The fetishist usually holds, rubs, tastes, or smells the fetish object for sexual gratification or asks their partner to wear the object during sexual encounters.
Inanimate object fetishes can be categorized into two types: form fetishes and media fetishes. In a form fetish, the shape of the object is important, such as high-heeled shoes. In a media fetish, the material of the object, such as silk or leather, is important. Inanimate object fetishists often collect the object of their favor.
Fetishistic disorder is a much more common occurrence in males than in females—in fact, the DSM-5 indicates that it appears almost exclusively in males.
Fetishism falls under the general category of paraphilic disorders, which refers to intense sexual attraction to any objects or people outside of genital stimulation with consenting adult partners.
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