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團體盲思
What is Groupthink? By Kendra Cherry
Groupthink is a term first used in 1972 by social psychologist Irving L. Janis that refers to a psychological phenomenon in which people strive for consensus within a group. In many cases, people will set aside their own personal beliefs or adopt the opinion of the rest of the group.
People who are opposed to the decisions or overriding opinion of the group as a whole frequently remain quiet, preferring to keep the peace rather than disrupt the uniformity of the crowd.
Understanding Groupthink
Why does groupthink occur? Think about the last time you were part of a group, perhaps during a school project. Imagine that someone proposes an idea that you think is quite poor. However, everyone else in the group agrees with the person who suggested the idea and the group seem set on pursuing that course of action. Do you voice your dissent or do you just go along with the majority opinion?
In many cases, people end up engaging in groupthink when they fear that their objections might disrupt the harmony of the group or suspect that their ideas might cause other members to reject them.
Janis suggested that groupthink tends to be the most prevalent in conditions where there is a high degree of cohesiveness, situational factors that contribute to deferring to the group (such as external threats, moral problems, difficult decisions), and structural issues (such as impartial leadership and group isolation).
The Symptoms of Groupthink
The Benefits and Dangers of Groupthink
Groupthink can have some benefits. When working with a large number of people, it often allows the group to make decisions, complete tasks, and finish projects quickly and efficiently.
However, this phenomenon also has costs as well. The suppression of individual opinions and creative thought can lead to poor decision-making and inefficient problem-solving.
What Causes Groupthink?
A number of factors can influence this psychological phenomenon. It tends to occur more in situations where group members are very similar to one another and is more likely to take place when a powerful and charismatic leader commands the group. Situations where the group is placed under extreme stress or where moral dilemmas exist also increase the occurrence of groupthink.
Q:
What is groupthink?
Do you adopt the opinion of the majority group or dare to express your own opinions?
Why most people preferring to keep the peace rather than disrupt the uniformity of the crowd?
Pros and cons of groupthink?
Do you voice your true feelings? How to express your feelings?
What causes groupthink?
Why is cooperation important in teamwork?
團體迷思（英文：Groupthink，亦作團體盲思、集體錯覺）是一個心理學現象，指的是團體在決策過程中，由於成員傾向讓自己的觀點與團體一致，因而令整個團體缺乏不同的思考角度，不能進行客觀分析。一些值得爭議的觀點、有創意的想法或客觀的意見不會有人提出，或是在提出之後，遭到其他團體成員的忽視及隔離。團體迷思可能導致團體作出不合理、甚至是很壞的決定。部份成員即使並不贊同團體的最終決定，但在團體迷思的影響下，也會順從團體。
一般認為團體迷思這個概念是由美國心理學家艾爾芬·詹尼斯（Irving Janis）首先提出。但William Safire於2004年8月8日《紐約時報雜誌》（New York Times Magazine）撰文指出，團體迷思一詞實為William H. Whyte於1952年在《財富雜誌》中首先提出。
1972年，詹尼斯利用「團體迷思」一詞形容團體作出不合理決定的決策過程。詹氏對「團體迷思」的原定義為「一種思考模式，團體成員為維護內團體的凝聚力、追求團體和諧共識，而不能現實地評估其他可行辦法」。
同志權
Civil groups supporting same-sex marriage
rally around Taiwan
Taipei, Nov. 27 (CNA) Several civil groups
that support same-sex marriage staged rallies in eastern, central and southern
Taiwan on Sunday.
In Tainan, scores of supporters braved the
cold rain to hold placards reading "Safeguard equal marriage rights for
all," and representatives of several groups took turns to speak.
One representative said this was the first
time that the LGBT community is most likely to successfully obtain rights for
same-sex marriage, and he expressed the hope of making more efforts.
He noted that there will be a large rainbow
parade on Dec. 31 in Tainan, and he hoped more will people will participate in
the parade.
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