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嘮叨碎念 造成早死?
Arguing in a Relationship Makes People's Lives Shorter Research Says Belinda Luscombe time.com
A new study suggests that being needled by or arguing a lot with spouses, neighbors or relatives can shorten a person's life. And that men, particularly those who are unemployed, are especially susceptible.
The research, published online in published online in the Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, asked almost 10,000 Danish men and women aged 36 to 52 about their daily social interactions. The researchers were pretty nosy, asking participants two main questions: "In your everyday life, do you experience that any of the following people demand too much of you or seriously worry you?’ and "In your everyday life, do you experience conflicts with any of the following people?" participants could choose friends, neighbors, partners, extended family or children.
Nine percent of the participants reported always or people demand too much of you or seriously worry you?’10% from children, 6% from family and 2% from friends. And 6% always or often experienced conflicts with their partner, 6% with their children, 2% with their family and 1% with friends.
In the course of the 11 years that the Danes were followed, 4% of the women and 6% of the men died, mostly of cancer, but also of the usual life-ending maladies: heart disease, liver disease from drinking, or accidents and suicide. And even after taking into account such factors as gender, marital status, long term conditions, depressive symptoms, available emotional support, and social class (defined by job title), the researchers determined that those who were frequently worried by or had demands placed on them by partners and/or children had a 50%-100% higher risk of early mortality than those who lived more peaceable lives.
"In this study, we found that men were especially vulnerable to frequent worries/demands from their partner, contradicting earlier findings suggesting that women were more vulnerable to stressful social relations," write the authors, Rikke Lund, Ulla Christensen, Charlotte Juul Nilsson, Margit Kriegbaum, and Naja Hulvej Rod, all of the University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
They added that their findings were in line with other studies that found that men respond to stress with higher levels of cortisol, which may louse up their health. long term conditions, depressive symptoms, available emotional support, Annoying neighbors and in-laws, not so much.
long term conditions, depressive symptoms, available emotional support, likelihood of dropping early from the mortal coil, but the data suggested that conflict was an equal opportunity grim reaper: both men and women were affected the same and it didn't much matter who the arguments were with.
Because those who were both unemployed and involved in the most arguments had long term conditions, depressive symptoms, available emotional support, the researchers acknowledged that some of these effects could be attributed to differential vulnerability, that is, that people with fewer resources are less able to deal with stresses than more wealthy people can.
Q:
Do you believe the study that being too nagging or arguing a lot with spouses,
neighbors or relatives can shorten a person's life?
How to deal with a nagging wife/ husband?
How to handle your highly demanding friends or family members?
What are your opinion about liver disease from drinking, and suicide?
What are the ways to get and give emotional support?
How to improve social interactions with others?
“快樂”神經傳導素?
Hacking Into Your Happy Chemicals: Dopamine, Serotonin, Endorphins and Oxytocin
huffingtonpost.com
Dopamine
Dopamine motivates us to take action toward goals, desires, and needs, and gives a surge of reinforcing pleasure when achieving them. Procrastination, self-doubt, and lack of enthusiasm are linked with low levels of dopamine. Studies on rats showed those with low levels of dopamine always opted for an easy option and less food; those with higher levels exerted the effort needed to receive twice the amount of food.
Break big goals down into little pieces — rather than only allowing our brains to celebrate when we’ve hit the finish line, we can create a series of little finish lines which releases dopamine. And it’s crucial to actually celebrate — buy a bottle of wine, or head to your favorite restaurant whenever you meet a small goal.
Serotonin
Serotonin flows when you feel significant or important. Loneliness and depression appears when serotonin is absent. It’s perhaps one reason why people fall into gang and criminal activity — the culture brings experiences that facilitate serotonin release. Unhealthy attention-seeking behavior can also be a cry for what serotonin brings. Princeton neuroscientist Barry Jacobs explains that most antidepressants focus on the production of serotonin.
Reflecting on past significant achievements allows the brain to re-live the experience. Our brain has trouble telling the difference between what’s real and imagined, so it produces serotonin in both cases. It’s another reason why gratitude practices are popular. They remind us that we are valued and have much to value in life. If you need a serotonin boost during a stressful day, take a few moments to reflect on a past achievements and victories.
Oxytocin
Oxytocin creates intimacy, trust, and builds healthy relationships. It’s released by men and women during orgasm, and by mothers during childbirth and breastfeeding. Animals will reject their offspring when the release of oxytocin is blocked. Oxytocin increases fidelity; men in monogamous relationships who were given a boost of oxytocin interacted with single women at a greater physical distance then men who weren’t given any oxytocin. The cultivation of oxytocin is essential for creating strong bonds and improved social interactions.
Endorphins
Endorphins are released in response to pain and stress and help to alleviate anxiety and depression. The surging “second wind” and euphoric “runners high” during and after a vigorous run are a result of endorphins. Similar to morphine, it acts as an analgesic and sedative, diminishing our perception of pain.
Along with regular exercise, laughter is one of the easiest ways to induce endorphin release. Even the anticipation and expectation of laugher, e.g., attending a comedy show, increases levels of endorphins. Taking your sense of humor to work, forwarding that funny email, and finding several things to laugh at during the day is a great way to keep the doctor away.
Q:
What make you happy?
What factors make people happy?
How to avoid procrastination, self-doubt?
Does celebration good for us?
What are the benefits of laughter?
Your opinion about antidepressants?
How to alleviate anxiety and depression?
How to create strong bonds with your family
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